Do the same conflict of interest rules apply on all Wikipedia editions?

No, and the differences can be much greater than you might imagine. One rule is universal: the Wikimedia Foundation's terms of use cover all Wikipedia sites, and require anyone paid to contribute to say publicly who they work for. That disclosure requirement is the only universal rule: everything else is decided by each language edition for themselves. The result is different pages, ostensibly covering the same subject, that barely resemble one another.

For example:

  • German Wikipedia requires companies editing through official accounts to complete a formal identity verification step that has no English equivalent, and secret commercial editing there is not just a rule violation; it can run afoul of German advertising law. 

  • Chinese Wikipedia goes the other direction entirely and bars paid editors from editing articles at all, routing every change through review by volunteers. 

  • Japanese Wikipedia has never adopted a conflict of interest ruleset, so the framework an English-trained editor expects simply is non-existent. 

  • Arabic Wikipedia adopted its own paid-editing rules in 2025, with disclosure requirements that go beyond what English asks.

The two rules that hold up just about everywhere: say who you represent everywhere, and edit nothing about them directly anywhere. Beyond that, every language is its own jurisdiction, and taking one seriously means learning its rules and customs first.

Last updated September 27, 2026.

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